Seborrheic Dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis is characterized by inflamed, red, and scaly patches that can appear greasy. It is most commonly seen on the scalp but can also affect other areas, including the sides of the nose, eyebrows, ears, eyelids, and chest. Although not contagious, it can persist and recur, especially during stress or seasonal changes. In infants, this condition is often called “cradle cap” and typically resolves independently within a few months.

The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis can vary from mild to severe and may include:

• Red, inflamed skin: The affected areas can appear red or pink and may feel irritated.
• Flaky, white, or yellowish scales: These scales are often greasy and can shed, leading to dandruff on the scalp.
• Itchiness: The condition can cause mild to intense itching, which may worsen with scratching.
• Burning sensation: The affected skin may sometimes feel warm or burned.

These symptoms can flare up periodically, especially during cold, dry weather or when an individual is under stress.

The exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is not entirely understood, but several factors are believed to contribute:

• Overgrowth of Malassezia yeast: This type is naturally present on the skin. However, an overgrowth can lead to an inflammatory response, resulting in the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis.
• Genetics: A family history of similar skin conditions can increase the likelihood of developing seborrheic dermatitis.
• Weather changes: The condition often worsens during cold, dry seasons and may improve in warmer, humid conditions.
• Hormonal changes: Fluctuations in hormone levels may also trigger symptoms.
• Medical conditions: Certain health conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease, HIV/AIDS, and depression, may increase the risk of developing more severe forms of seborrheic dermatitis.

The diagnosis is primarily based on the appearance of the skin and the pattern of the symptoms. Sometimes, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other similar conditions, such as psoriasis or eczema.

While seborrheic dermatitis cannot be cured, it can be managed effectively with the right treatment plan. Dr. Philip Eliades will create a personalized treatment approach based on the severity of the condition and the areas affected. Common treatment options include:

• Medicated shampoos: Shampoos containing ingredients such as ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione can help control dandruff and inflammation on the scalp. Regular use is often necessary to maintain results.
• Topical antifungal creams: Antifungal creams can reduce yeast overgrowth and soothe inflammation in areas other than the scalp.
• Topical anti-inflammatory medicines: Topical steroids and other newer agents can help reduce redness and itching during flare-ups